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Decomposition of indoor gas dyeing by glass spring loaded titanium oxide
The size of the reactor directly influences the light intensity, which is a critical factor in determining the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2. The design of the photoreactor plays a vital role in optimizing this process. However, conventional systems often suffer from low surface-to-volume ratios and limited mass transfer, which hinder their performance. In this study, we used a glass spring filler with an impressive specific surface area of up to 24 cm²/g. This material can support a higher amount of TiO2 compared to traditional carriers, allowing for the loading of three different metal-doped TiO2 photocatalysts.
Nano-TiO₂ exhibits strong catalytic activity under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, making uniform UV distribution throughout the reactor essential. To achieve this, the glass spring filler was arranged closely around the UV lamp tube, significantly improving illumination efficiency. A UV intensity meter was used to measure the light passing through the filler, revealing that the surface intensity of the UV lamp was 19,850 μW/cm². When the filler thickness exceeded 2 cm, the light intensity dropped to zero, confirming that the optimal reactor diameter is 4 cm.
In experiments on formaldehyde degradation using various metal-doped TiOâ‚‚ photocatalysts, it was observed that without UV light, the formaldehyde concentration remained relatively stable at around 11,050 ppm within the first 60 minutes. This was primarily due to adsorption on the glass spring and the inner walls of the reactor chamber. Adsorption reached saturation after 30 minutes, and the concentration remained constant. Both undoped and silver-doped TiOâ‚‚ showed similar degradation rates of about 60%. However, silver doping did not significantly enhance the degradation performance. Similarly, Cai Banghong et al. found that iron doping was not favorable for the photocatalytic degradation of n-hexane, possibly due to promoting the anatase-to-rutile phase transition, causing lattice distortion, and altering the crystallinity, surface defects, and adsorption properties of TiOâ‚‚.
Compared to other carriers, the glass spring filler offers several advantages, including a large surface area, high optical transmittance, and low gas resistance. The nano-TiOâ‚‚ film deposited on the glass spring surface via the sol-gel method is uniform, robust, transparent, and highly photocatalytically active.
The photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are common indoor air pollutants, is more effective using nano-TiOâ‚‚ technology than other methods. For formaldehyde, the degradation rate of undoped and silver-doped TiOâ‚‚ is similar, while erbium-doped TiOâ‚‚ shows the highest efficiency, and iron-doped TiOâ‚‚ performs the worst. For VOCs, the degradation rates of undoped, silver-doped, and erbium-doped TiOâ‚‚ are comparable, but iron-doped TiOâ‚‚ has lower performance. Overall, the effect of metal ion doping is more pronounced in formaldehyde degradation than in VOC degradation.