Analysis of the simple identification method of smoothing agent

Simple Identification Methods for Lubricants

Source: China Bearing Network | Date: November 3, 2013

Lubricants play a vital role in the performance and longevity of machinery. Proper identification of their quality is essential to ensure optimal operation and prevent equipment failure. Below are some practical methods to assess the quality of lubricating oils and greases. **1. Identification of Lubricating Oil** - **Moisture Test**: - Take a small amount of the oil and place it in a test tube. If the oil appears cloudy or turbid, it may contain water. - Heat the oil to around 100–120°C. If you hear a sizzling sound, see bubbles, or notice condensation on the walls, it indicates the presence of moisture. - Add anhydrous copper sulfate to the oil. If it turns blue and settles at the bottom, this confirms the presence of water. - **Viscosity Test**: - Place a drop of the oil on a clean, flat glass surface. Compare its flow speed and spread with that of a standard oil. A faster flow and wider spread indicate lower viscosity. - Alternatively, place both oils in sealed test tubes and observe how they move when tilted. The one that flows more freely has a lower viscosity. - **Lubrication Performance**: - Rub a small amount of oil between your thumb and index finger. If it feels sticky, it has good lubrication properties. If it feels gritty or rough, the lubrication quality may have deteriorated. - **Mechanical Impurities**: - Dilute the oil with gasoline and filter it. Observe any impurities that remain on the filter paper. **2. Identification of Grease** - **Base Type Identification**: - Apply a small amount of grease onto a copper sheet and immerse it in hot water. If the grease does not dissolve and remains intact, it is likely calcium or lithium-based. - If the grease dissolves quickly in water, forming a milky white solution, it is sodium-based. If it dissolves slowly but thoroughly, it is likely calcium-sodium based. - **Fiber Network Integrity**: - Coat a copper sheet with the grease and place it in a test tube filled with water. Shake it continuously. If no oil separates from the water, the fiber network is intact. - If oil floats on the surface, it means the fiber network has been damaged, reducing adhesion and usability. This can happen due to improper storage, vibration, or long-term exposure. - **Mechanical Impurities**: - Take a small amount of grease and roll it between your fingers. If it feels smooth and free of particles, it is likely clean. - Spread a thin layer of grease on a bright glass plate and examine it under light. If no mechanical impurities are visible, the grease is of good quality. Proper use of lubricants is crucial for the smooth operation and extended life of mechanical systems. Choosing the right lubricant and regularly checking its condition can significantly reduce wear and tear on equipment.
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