The so-called dry cutting is a method of cutting parts that are processed without using a cutting fluid and protecting the parts without cold liquid in order to protect the environment and reduce costs. Dry cutting is not simply to stop using the cutting fluid. Instead, the tool needs to have high efficiency, high product quality, high tool durability and reliability in the cutting process, so the tool needs to have good performance. And quality can become a true sense of dry cutting.

Advantages of Dry Cutting and Wet Cutting (Cutting Fluid) <br> Previous cutting fluids are one of the most indispensable production factors in machining, ensuring machining accuracy, surface quality and productivity. However, with the increasing global environmental awareness and the stricter requirements of environmental protection regulations, the negative effects of cutting fluids on the environment are becoming more and more obvious. Not only that, but the cutting fluid far exceeds the cost of the tool compared to the cost of the tool.
According to statistics, the cost of cutting fluids is less than 3% of the cost of workpieces 20 years ago, and now the production of high-productivity, the supply of cutting fluid, maintenance and recycling costs together account for 13% of the cost of the workpiece - 17%, while tooling costs only 2%-5%. And about 22% of the total cost associated with the cutting fluid is the processing cost of the cutting fluid. It is estimated that if 20% of the cutting process uses dry machining, the total manufacturing cost can be reduced by 1.6%.
Moreover, during the use of the cutting fluid, although the cuttings can be quickly taken away to prevent scratching the surface of the workpiece, the cutting fluid has two major disadvantages: one is to pollute the environment and threaten the health of the worker; the second is that the cutting fluid is stained with cutting fluid. Toxic and hazardous materials, high processing costs. In contrast, dry cutting is much cleaner, not only is the chip easy to recycle, but also saves the cost of cutting fluid transfer, recycling, filtration, etc., and does not cause environmental pollution. More in line with the current national green environmental development policy.
Dry-cutting must be done with relatively high-performance, high-quality tools. Why do you say this? The main function of the cutting fluid is cooling, lubrication, and chip removal. Without the cutting fluid, the tool needs to withstand the high temperature during the processing, that is, the so-called high temperature red hardness is good, and good wear resistance is required. And the chip breaking and chip removal should be fast, so as not to scratch the surface.
In the past decade or so, the emergence of high hardness materials has made it possible for dry cutting. Dry cutting requires not only high temperature red hardness and good wear resistance, but also strong thermal shock resistance and adhesion resistance. The tool materials currently used for dry cutting are mainly: hard alloy tools, ceramic tools, cubic boron nitride tools and polycrystalline diamonds.
At present, the main tool is the carbide tool, which is also the earliest tool material. It is most suitable for machining workpieces with hardness below HRC40. And the maximum line speed reaches 350m/min. Exceeding the above information will cause problems such as severe wear and even chipping. Therefore, the workpiece below HRC40 is suitable for cemented carbide tools.
Ceramic knives were developed after cemented carbide tools, but due to their own performance (large brittleness), they have not been well developed so far, and the workpieces with the hardness between HRC45-55 are the best, and Only in continuous cutting conditions.